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No. 682,2!8. Pafented Sept. I0, 190|.

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No. 682,218. Patented Sept. IU, |90I.

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(Application led Aug. 10, 1899.; (Il o M odel Il Sheets-Sheet 5.

No. 682,2l8. Patented Sept. I0, |901.

M. H. E. NORTON.

SHAPEH.

(Application led Aug. 10, 1899.) (Nn. Model.) 1I Sheets-'Sheet 6,

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No. 682,218. Patented Sept. l0,Y I90I.

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SH AFER.

(Application led Aug. 10, 1899.)

Il Sheets-Sheet 9.

(No Model.)

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Patented Sept. IO, 190|.

No. 682,2I8.

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(Application led Aug. 10, 1899.)

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N0. 682,2l8. Patented Sept. l0, l90l.

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SHAPER.

(Application tiled Aug. 10, 1899.)

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Attorneys.

1n: Noam: uns co, 4cm-Luna.. WASHINGTON o c UNTTED STATT-3s MATTIIEV MORTON AND HENRY E. MORTON, OF MUSKEGON HEIGHTS MICHIGAN.

SHAPER.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. 682,218, datedsepteinber 10,. 1901.

Application illed August 10, 1899. Serial No. 725.733. (N0 IIlOtlel-l To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, MATTHEW MoRToN and HENRY E. MORTON, citizens of the United States, residing at Muskegon Heights, county of Muskegon, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Shapers; and we declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, whichv form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to metal planing and milling machines, and has for its object an improved machine having the characteristic feature of a draw-cut traveling-head Shaper.

The machine embodying the invention consists of a large bed-plate provided with T- slots by which the work may be secured during the action of the shaper. To this large bed-plate or loa'se is dctachably secured the main bed of the shaper itself in such a way that said Shaper-bed may be detached from said large bed-plate and moved to and secured in any other desired place upon said large bed-plate, or two or more shapers may loe secured upon said large bed-plate by securing their beds to said large bed-plate, so that large castings may be shaped in two or more places at once, and thus the necessity of moving the casting obviated. The Shaper proper consists of its own bed, a column which is arranged to travel horizontally on the bed of the shaper, a saddle arranged to travel vertically on the column, and the Shaper-bar or ram carried by and arranged to travel horizontally through the saddle. By the employment of the vertical traveling saddle the machine is adapted to be used on large workthat is, work that sets up high from the holding-bed or surface bed-plate upon which the Work rests. The special construction of the ram and the tool-head attached to it enables the machine tobe used both on external and internal work, and it is adapted to do such diverse work as the cutting of key-seats in the taper end of propeller-shafts, the planing of cross-sections or engine-beds, pillowblocks, anvil-blocks, and a great variety of other irregular work which is beyond the range of any machine commonlyin use. For example, it can be employed to plane out the cavity or journal-bearing of a large trunnion, which is work of a character similar to that done on a turning-lathe, although, because of its size and external shape, a trunnionblock cannot be turned, but must be planed by some machine to do irregular work.

An important feature of the machine embodyingthis invention is that it can be easily detached from the surface or foundation plate and used as a portable traveling-head shaper.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevavation of the machine. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the right side of the machine. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the left side. Fig. 4; is a rear elevation. Fig. 5 is a plan View. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through a part of the base of the machine, taken on the line at, Fig. l, a part of the front of the machine being broken away. Fig. 7 is an elevation of a part of the base of the machine, a portion being broken away to show the interior construction. Fig. S is a vertical section on the line y y, Fig. 4, looking from the left of said figure. Fig. 9 is a detail of a portion of the feed mechanism. Fig. l0 is a detail of the feed-regulating mechanism. Figs. 1l, 12, and 13 are. details of the reversing mechanism. Fig. 14 is a longitudinal elevation of the driving mechanism of the milling attachment. Fig. l5 is a cross-section of the ram, showing the interior milling-journal. Fig. 16 is a detail of the frictional feed mechanisms. Fig. 17 shows a gage which indicates the rate at which the feed mechanism to the milling device is set to feed. Fig. 1S is a diagram regresentin g the chain of gearing which drives the ram. Fig. 19 is a diagram representing the gear for reversing the ram. Fig. 2O is a diagram showing the arrangement of gear which produces the slow vertical feed and the chain of gear which produces the horizontal feed. Fig. 2l is a diagram showing the gear employed when a milling attachment is mounted on the front end of the ram. Fig. 22 indicates the action in working large pieces.

The machine is one in which a very heavy column is supported. on a base on which the IOO column moves in one direction. The column itself carries a heavy saddle which is arranged to have vertical movement along the column, and the saddle carries a ram that has motion at right angles to the motion of the column on the base, so that the resultant motion is universal-that is, the tool is moved from side to side by moving the column on the base, from front to rear by moving the ram through the saddle, and up and down by moving the saddle on the column. The weight of all the mechanism is supported by the column, and in order that the moving of this may be easily edected the Weight is partially supported on friction-rollers or traveling wheels. In order that the saddle may move easily on its vertical track, it is counterweighted. In each case, of course, enough of the weight of the machine bears on the bed or on the rails of the vertical track to insure stability of the parts during the period of work.

The action of each part of the machine will be taken up by itself, as it is thought this will make the understanding of the entire machine more clear.

The parts of the machine will be taken up in the following order: first, the ram actuating and reversing mechanism; second, the milling mechanism; third, apparatus for facilitating the movements of the parts actuated bythe feeding devices, and, fourth, the feeding devices.

The mechanism is not specially complicated in any part, but because there is mechanism for each one of the three movements there are necessarily many parts, and the assembled machine consequently appears complicated.

The motion of the remt through the saddle(- The rain is a heavy bar 2a, provided with rackteeth 5a on one of its vertical sides, and these mesh with rack wheels 5b, that are mounted in a casing that forms part of the saddle 2. The rack-wheels 5b are on a vertical shaft, and the shaft is provided with a Worin-wheel 5", that meshes with a worm on the shaft 5, This driving-shaft 5(1 is carried by the saddle 2 and carries both a direct driving-wheel 15e and a reverse drivingwheel 5*". Both the Wheels 15e and 5e belt to wheels on a counter-shaft 5f, the one being belted directly and the other being belted by a crossbelt, and clutch arrangements are made to throw the wheel l5e into action and the wheel 5e out of action or to throw the Wheel 15e out of action and the wheel 5e int-o action, as may be desired, and a clutch-shift is used, which will be described hereinafter, which automatically shifts the clutch at the end of the travel of the ram in either direction. The counter-shaft 5f is driven from a motor W, that is carried on a bracket m, attached to the column C, and provision is made by passing the belt from the motor over a fixed sheave 2d on a bracket 2e, carried by a post 2b,thence over a traveling wheel 3, to permit of the veresame tical travel of the saddle. The motor is 'es'- pecially useful when the shaper is employed as a portable tool or machine; but the machine can be arranged so that it will receive motion from a separate source of power. The fixed sheave 2d is provided with a take-up or beltstretcher, which consists of a lever 3, fulcrumed on a bracket 2e and which carries the journal-bearing for the sheave 2d at its free end. The other end is controlled by a spring 4d, arranged to strain the belt passing around the sheave 2d. The bracket 2e is itself adjustable along the post 2b and is held in its adjusted position by set-screws Gd. When the ram 2EL reaches the limit of its motion in either direction, an automatic reverse-gear unclutches one of the driving-wheels 5e or 15e and clutches the other one. This reversegear is arranged to be actuated automatically, and it is also arranged so that it may be actuated manually from 'several places. The automatic mechanism will be best understood from an examination of the diagram Fig. 19, and Figs. 4, 11, 12, and 13. The clutches 4@ and 6e are the ordinary clutches, sliding on the wheel-shaft and arranged to be engaged or disengaged from a wheel that is loose on the shaft when not in engagement with the clutch. Any well-known clutch may be used, and it is not thought necessary to describe a specific form. The preferable form would usually be the clutch known as a coneclutch. The clutches are shifted by a sliding bar 70, that is mounted in sleeve-bearings Se and is arranged to slide parallel with the shaft 5d. The sliding bar 7e carries arms 9e, that engage in grooves on the cone-sleeves of the clutches 4e and 6C. Midway between the ends of the bar 7 a lever l0e (see Figs. '11, 12, and 4 and dotted lines in Fig. 5) engages with the bar, and this lever has a reciprocating motion along the axis of the bar 7e and in the reciprocating motion carries the bar 7e With it. The lever 10e is pivoted at its end on a pin, Figs. 11 and 12, and is provided on its upper side with an actuatingpin 120, on which there is journaled a frictionroller. Above the lever 10e and in a parallel plane thereto is a sliding plate 13, on thelower side of which is an irregular slot extending in a direction which is slightly slanting with reference to the direction of motion of the plate 13, Fig. 13., The walls of said slot engage the roller of the pin 12C. Vhen the plate 13 is reciprocated in the direction of its length, the pin 12e is forced by the walls of said slot to reciprocate in a lateral direction with reference to said plate, and the lever 102 is thereby oscillated about the pin 11e. 0n the upper side of the plate 13 is a short rack 13e, Figs. 2, 4, and 5 and dotted lines in Fig. 13, that engages a rack-wheel 14, and the rackwheel is on a shaft 140, on which there is a crank 15, Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 11. From the crank a pitman 15a (shown most distinctly by Figs. 3, 5, and 19) is connected through intermediate rock-shaft 16, rock-arms 16,and

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link lf with the reverse-disk p. (Shown most distinctly by Figs-2, 3, 4, 5, and 19.) Upon the same shaft with the wheels 5b which reciprocates the ram 2a is a spiral gear-wheel which meshes with a similar gear-wheel upon a shaft P, Fig. 3, upon which last-named shaft is a diskp. Pivoted upon the shaft P is a lever q, Fig. 2, provided with a handle q at its lower end and having one end of the link 16f pivoted to its upper end. Q is a lever pivoted to the saddle 2, provided with a handle at its upper end and having its lower end connected by a connecting-rod with the upper end of the lever q. On each side of the disk p is a tappet t i, arranged to be adjustable through a lug on said disk. Said tappets actuate the lever q, which lever is connected with the sliding bar 7e by links lf, rock-arms 16e, rock-shaft 16, pitman 15, crank 15, shaft 14e, rack-wheel 14, rack 13e, plate 13, pin 12e, and lever 10e. It will be seen that a movement of the lever q reverses the motion of the ram 2a and that said lever may be actuated by hand by means of the lever Q or by grasping the handle q. Thus the ram may be reversed at any part of its stroke by hand and is automatically reversed at the end of its stroke by the mechanism described.

The milling attachment is a milling cutterhead arranged to be attached to an arbor that extends lengthwise through the ram, Figs 14 and 15. The milling-head itself is not shown, as it does not differ from those in ordinary use. The arrangement for operating the milling-head is shown in detail in Fig. 14. (Compare Figs. 2, 8, 4, and 5.)

Parallel with the ram is a spline-shaft 21a, actuated by bevel-gear 2lb and 2lc from the driving-wheel 21d. The driving-wheel 2ld receives its source of power from a conewheel 21e ou the main driving-shaft of the machine. The spline-shaft 2l slides through a gear journaled to the side of the ram, and the gear through two interposed Wheels or pinions actuates the arbor in the ram.

The saddle 2 is fed vertically by means ofv a lead-screw E, Fig. 2, journaled upon the column C, and said column is fed horizontally by a lead-screw G, Figs. 2 and 5, actuated by a pair of miter-gears, one of which is actuated by the spline-shaft F, Fig. 2,which shaft is actuated by a gear upon the saddle. The vertical movement of the saddle is made easy by a counterbalaucing-weight. In order to facilitate the horizontal motion of the saddle, carrying column C, the weight is taken off from the fiat rails or bearings 20n of the main base. The bearing of the column-base 20 on the flat rails is the bearing which gives stability to the column duringits period of work; butin order to relieve or lighten the bearing of the column on the rail 2Oa a carriage 20", Figs. 6, 7, and 8, is placed under the bottom of the column and receives a portion of the weight, and there is interposed between the truckrail 20c of the carriage 2Gb and the column one or a number of springs that lift the column with respect to the bearing-rail 20a, and thus transfer part of the weight from the bearings to the truck, so that an easy movement of one part over the other is secured. The tension of the spring is adjusted by the adjusting-screw 20e. The column-base is secured to the main base by the ordinary dovetail overhang 20f and gibs 20S'. It will be readily seen that the weight of the column and other movable mechanism above the bed, which in machines as now made weigh over tive tons, could not be successfully fed or moved along on said bed without extremely expensive and powerful mechanism to give it an intermittent feed, varying between nothing and one-quarter inch at each stroke of the ram. With this truck carrying the quarter portion of the weight of the machine a very simple friction device feeds with easeand the power is not much more than an ordinary thirty-six-inch swing-engine lathe requires.

NVhen an ordinary cutting-tool is used with the reciprocating ram 2, the machine requires an intermittent feed. Vhen a milling-tool is used, a continuous feed is required. In order that the feed may be adapted to the above and other requirements of practice, we employ two parallel shafts H and H', bearing in the saddle 2. The shaft H actuates a nut surrounding the lead-screw E, through which the vertical feed of the saddle is attained, and the shaft H actuates a nut surrounding the spline shaft F, through which the horizontal feed of the column is attained. Above the shafts H H is a shaft 30g, which is actuated by a continuous friction-feed, and below said shafts is a shaft n, actuated by an intermittent frictional feed. By gearing one of the shafts H H to the shaft 30g a continuous feed is attained. By gearing one of said shafts with the shaft n an intermittent feed is attained.

The frictional feed-actuating devices are described as follows: The intermittent feed of the machine is regulated by the frictiondisk K, which engages in a ring 3b and actuates by means of said ring an adjustable wrist-pin 3. The wrist-pin 3 is a projection from a traveling nut that engages in guides on a plate which is made fast to a split ring 3b, and the nut is capable of adjustment across the face of the plate, and such adjustment changes its eccentricity to the shaft of the friction-disk K. On the vertical shaft of the wheels which drive the ram is mounted a ruiter-gear that engages with a miter-gear on the horizontal shaft L. On the shaft L is.

mounted the friction-disk K. Said disk engages in' a split ring 3b. At the opening of the split ring there are lugs 3, Fig. 10, and be- IOC IIO

tween the lugs a toggle-joint of two links 3d and 3f. The links of the toggle-joint are arranged to spread the split ring when pressed inward toward the center of the ring, and they are arranged to be pressed in by a cam or rectangular Tappet-lever 3f', which is hung on a pin 4t, which hinges it to the face-plate. The face-plate itself is secured to the ring by bolts 3". A stationarycontact-arm or stoparm 3g extends across the axis of the friction- Wheel and is provided at each end with limitpins 3h. The friction -wheel revolves with the shaft L, andl it carries with it the friction-ring and the projecting face-plate and the Wrist-pin 3 until the tappet-lever 3 strikes the limit-pin 3h. When this occurs, the ring opens and no longer continues to revolve with the friction disk, and consequently ceases to actuate the sector K. The sector K is hung on the saddle-frame and is actuated by the wrist-pin 3, which engages in the slot 7c in the arm 7c of the sector. The sector actuates a feed-rack-driving wheel M, and the feed-rack M', driven by wheel M, actuates a feed-wheel N, which is normally loose on shaft n, but is caught by a dog O to the shaft, so as to cause the shaft n to revolve in either direction with the wheel; but when the wheel is caught to the shaft, so that it and the shaft revolve together in one direction, it is free to revolve without the shaft in the reverse direction. The dog may be thrown to engage the wheel to the shaft, so that it will run loose either when the rack is traveling to the right or to the left. If it runs loose with the rack traveling to the right, then it engages when the rack travels to the left. If it 'runs loose when the rack travels to the left, then it engages when the rack travels to the right-that is, the feed may be regulated at will to take effect when the ram advances or when the ram retreats. The Wheel N is arranged to mesh with a wheel on either the shaft H or a Wheel on the shaft H. The two wheels are interchangeable,but are not of the same size, and one of them is entirely idle during operations of the shaper, in which the vertical and horizontal movement of the column are employed for feed purposes simply. The active wheel is placed on the shaft H when it is desired to give to the ram a horizontal motion across the baseplate. The active wheel then meshes with the wheel N and actuates the shaft H', and by means' of a beveled gear splined to the vertical shaft F it actuates the vertical shaft F, and motion is transmitted through this vertical shaft to a traveling nut on the horizontal feed-screw G. If vertical motion is desired, the active wheel is shifted to the shaft H, and motion is transmitted through the shaft H to a traveling nut on the screw feedshaft E. An elevation showing these shafts and gear-wheels is shown in Fig. 9, and, as shown in that figure, the Wheels N and the active wheel on the shaft H appear in the same vertical plane. The larger inactive wheel on the shaft H appears in a plane behind that in which the wheel N is, and practically the larger wheel can never pass back into engagement with the wheel N, on Whichever of the two shafts it be placed, and it might be taken off and laid aside during the time that the vertical or horizontal motion across the frame originates from the frictiondisk K. Its use in connection with the horizontal and vertical feed when the milling attachment to the ram is being actuated will be explained hereinafter.

Attached to the saddle is a vertical coneshaft 30, driven by beveled wheels from the horizontal cone-shaft 30a, and the horizontal cone-shaft is belted to the cone 2le on the main shaft of the machine. From the cone 30b a belt passes to a cone 30C at the front of the saddle, and the shaft of this cone has mounted upon it a movable friction-Wheel 30d, that bears against a face friction-wheel 30e on a horizontal Worm shaft SOf. The worm-shaft 30f actuates a pinion on the shaft 30g, on the end of which shaft 30g is a gearwheel 30. This gear-wheel 30h becomes an actuator to drive the shaft H or the shaft H. It drives the shaft H when the large gear hereinafter spoken of engages on the shaft H and is in mesh with the wheel 30h. It drives the shaft F, which in turn actuates the screw feed-shaft G. By transferring this large wheel to the shaft H the wheel 30h becomes an actuator to the shaft H and the shaft H actuates the screw feed-shaft E and drives the traveling nut thereon and raises or lowers the saddle. TheA feed-wheel 30d is adj ustable vertically along the shaft 30k, and it carrieson a collar connected with it a finger 31, which is connected with a sliding sleeve l"L on a graduated indicator-rod 31h. By shifting the friction-wheel 30d along the shaft the speed communicated to the worm-shaft 30f can be varied, and thus the relative speed of the driving mechanism and either the vertical feed or the horizontal feed can be regulated, and the indicator-rod 31b enables the user to set the mechanism at any desired point between the extremes of which the machine-is capable.

In the front of the column is a vertical plate 32, provided with T-grooves, by means of which a bearing or a support 32a is secured to the vertical column, and the cutting-tool in its work draws directly against the column which supports the ram. The bottom fastening and the vertical bearing together secure the work firmly against vibration and prevent the inequality of work due to such vibration. The usefulness of the vertical bearingplate 32 will be evident if we consider the action of the machine on the Work, which must be secured by a small bearing to the surface plate, but which rises highsay six feet high above the surface plate. Such a piece of material to be worked on could not be well secured by its small bearing on the surface plate, and it would not stand the thrust of the cut, but by means of the vertical plate 32 such a piece of material may be supported along one side even to its extreme upper end, and inasmuch as the movement of the cutter is a pulling or draw-cut movement the heavier the cut is the more tightly the material Will IOO IIO

be held against the vertical bearing-plate,and the thrust is counteracted or taken u p directly by the column which supports the ram, and consequently those pieces of material of irregular shape, but which are high in proportion with the extent of base that may be secured to the surface plate, can be as readily operated on and as accurately worked as can the larger piece that may be secured by large bearing-surfaces to the surface plates.

What We claim isl. In a traveling-head shaper, the combination of the feed mechanism, a feed-actuating shaft H, or H', a shaft 30g, a shaft n, means for imparting a continuous rotary motion to the shaft 30g, means for imparting an intermittent rotary motion to the shaft n, and means for connecting either the shaft 30g, or the shaft n,`with the feed-actuating shaft,sub stantially as described.

2. In a traveling-head shaper, the combination of a base, horizontal ways on said base, a column adapted to travel on said ways, vertical ways upon said column, a saddle adapted to slide upon said vertical ways, means for feeding said column and said saddle along their respective ways, a ram adapted to reciprocate in a direction at right angles to the motions of said column and said saddle and to carry the cutting-tool, and means for reciprocating said ram to make the cut, substantially as described.

3. In a traveling-head shaper, a lever, K', provided with a slot 7o', a rotating part K, a radially-adjustable pin upon the part K, extending into the slot k,and adapted to actuate said lever, a segmental rack upon said lever,

and a feed-actuating mechanism gearing with" said segmental rack, substantially as described.

4. In a traveling-head shaper, in combination with a ram and a horizontally-movable column by which the ram is carried, a track upon which the column rests in part and is adapted to slide, and a truck upon which the column rests, and is adapted to ride, in part, substantially as described.

5. In a traveling-head shaper, in combination with a ram, and a horizontal movable column by which the ram is carried, a track upon which the column rests in part and is adapted to slide, and a truck upon which the column rests, and is adapted to ride in part, and means for regulating the relative bearing of the column on the truck and the track, substantially as described.

6. In a traveling-head shaper, in combination with a ram, and a column by which the ram is carried, abase supporting a track on which the column rests in part, a truck running on the base and supporting the column in part, and springs arranged between the truck and the column,whereby the weight of the column is partly carried on the trucks and carried on the track, substantially as described.

7. In a shaper, the combination of a hollow ram, means for reciprocating the ram, an arbor mounted in the ram, a splined shaft parallel with the ram, a train of gear-wheels mounted on said ram adapted to rotate said arbor, and adapted to traverse and to be actuated by said splined shaft, and means for rotating said splined shaft, substantially as described.

8. The combination of a surface plate provided with, T-slots, a bed-plate 20, secured by bolts to said surface plate, ahorizontallymovable vertical column supported on said bed-plate, a vertically-movable saddle on said column, a ram adapted to reciprocate in a direction at right angles to the movement of said column and said base, a milling-tool in said ram, means for actuating said millingtool, and means for feeding the various parts, substantially as described.

9. In a traveling-head shaper, the combination of a base, horizontal ways on said base, a column adapted to travel on said ways,vertical ways upon said column, a saddle adapt-- ed to slide upon said vertical ways, and means located upon said saddle for regulating and controlling the feed of said column and saddle, substantially as described.

l0. The combination of a T-slotted surface plate, a draw-cut shaper, the supporting-column of the actuating mechanism of said draw-cut shaper being adapted to be attached to said surface plate by bolts passing into said slots, so as to be attachable at will to said surface plate at different positions thereon, a vertical plate on the supportingcolumn, arranged to have a horizontal support 32a, secured thereto, whereby the draw of the cutting motion of the shaper, is resisted directly by said supporting'- column through said plate and the support 32a, substantially as described.

ll. The combination with a traveling-head shaper with its supports and actuating mechanism, a vertical plate on the face of the supporting-column of said shaper, arranged to have a horizontal support 32a, secured thereto, whereby the draw of the cutting motion of the shaper, is resisted directly by said supporting-column through said plate and the support 32, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

MATTHEW MORTON. HENRY E. MORTON.

Witnesses:

CLAUD A. VAN ZANTEN, ALEXANDER VAN ZANTEN.

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